InfyOm Blog

Last week we submitted our first app to Envato - CodeCyan called InfyLMS. InfyLMS is a full-fledged library management system to manage libraries built on Laravel+ReactJS.

But it was not just an easy upload. When you upload an item to CodeCyan, they have a dedicated team that tests your application and reviews the code quality of your app.

We have faced a few problems that I want to share, so if someone is uploading his first item to CodeCyan then he/she can review those points before submission and the chances of rejection can be reduced.

1. Do not use remote CDN

We have used Bootstrap in our system as a theme and we were using remote CDN URLs for JS and CSS. for e.g.

// CSS 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css"
// JS

All your assets need to be offline. so download all these files via either some package manager or just go and download it and put it under the respective asset folder.

2. Use Strict Mode in JS

All Javascript files need to be written into Strict mode.

For example, you can do this with jQuery as follows:

(function($) {     
"use strict";     
// Author code here 
})(jQuery);

Or you can put

use "strict";

at the start of your file if they are generated via some webpack. There is a babel plugin available which you can use with a webpack.

3. Attach documentation into the main file

Attach documentation into the main file which you are uploading. Create a docs folder into the root folder and attach full documentation to set up the application. Also, remember that this doc should work offline as well. so attach all your assets here as well.

4. Have Clear & Easy documentation for Non-Technical Users

All the customers or buyers do not have technical knowledge that needs to be there to set up an application. so try to make your application setup as easy as possible. for e.g, create a setup wizard which executes step by step and ask for details from customers.

Or create a dedicated section in your documentation for Non Technical users with clear, precise and minimal steps that needs to be performed.

If possible, then try to give two different zip files under your main zip file, like

• dist - Distribution which can be set up with minimal efforts for non-technical users
• source - Original source file for technical users

I hope this will help new Envato Authors who are uploading their very first item.

Last month, I started training in one company where I am giving Laravel Training to around 15-20 PHP Developers, where we discussed the core Laravel concepts to them including Service Providers, Facades, Eloquent, and many more.

There I explained to them the use and beauty of Laravel Facades and how the use of Facade can simplify code. We took a real practical example and use case they have, which I'm outlining here.

Use Case

They are building a CRM application and using some third party API to send an SMS. Though Laravel Notification Channels are the best way to send the SMS but here that's not the goal of this post, so we will try to stick to the Facade development to send the SMS.

Here is how we were sending SMS so far.

Traditional way

Have one common Class/Repository/Manager called SMSManager.

<?php
namespace App\Managers;

class SMSManager
{
    public function sendSMS($recipient, $message)
    {
        // code to send sms
    }
}

This code and pattern look completely fine. But the problem was every time when we needed to send an SMS they needed to either Create/Inject SMSManager class and call sendSMS method of it.

$smsManager = new SMSManager(); $smsManager->sendSMS($phoneNumber, $message); ...

Parsedown | the parser that we created ... $smsManager = new SMSManager(); $smsManager->sendSMS($phoneNumber, $message); ... Parsed in 0.13 ms or 1 times faster

... 
$smsManager = new SMSManager(); 
$smsManager->sendSMS($phoneNumber, $message); 
...

Also, this code is not scalable. If you want to change your SMS Provider then you need to replace the function or create a new function. Or you want to use multiple SMS Providers for different users based on their subscription then this way doesn't work.

Laravel Facade Way

Laravel Facades is a great way to call static interfaces of the classes. So you don't need to make/inject SMSManager class instance and you can directly call sendSMS function.

To do that, we need to create Facade class and bind its accessor in Service Provider. We can create our own service provider or even can do it in AppServiceProvider as well. To keep it simple, let's use AppServiceProvider as of now.

Create a Facade Class

Create a new class called SMSGateway into app\Facades directory with the following code,

<?php
namespace App\Facades;

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Facade;

class SMSGateway extends Facade
{
    /**
      Get the registered name of the component.

      @return string
     /
    protected static function getFacadeAccessor()
    {
        return 'sms_gateway';
    }
}

Bind Facade with SMSManager Implementation

The next step is to bind our facade class with our real SMSManager implementation. To do that, open AppServiceProvider and add the following line to the register method,

$this->app->bind('sms_gateway', function ($app) {     
    return new SMSManager(); 
});

Now, we are all set to use our Facade in our code.

Usage of Facade in code

To send an SMS, we now no longer need to create instance of SMSManager, we can directly use,

\App\Facades\SMSGateway::sendSMS($phoneNumber, $message);

Make Alias (Optional)

Or, you can add this facade to config/app.php into aliases section,

'SMSGateway' => App\Facades\SMSGateway::class,

And you can directly call,

\SMSGateway::sendSMS($phoneNumber, $message);

So this way, we can clean out our code and utilize the Laravel Facade to make our code more beautiful.

Hope this helps.

Last month we started working on one of our internal project called InfyTracker, which we were planning to use as a simple time tracker and very little of project management or task reporting.

We have also published it as an open source project to our Github account so other people from the community can use it. It's still in alpha stage and we are still working on it and making tons of improvements. But, While building this project, we found a few things that we think might be useful to optimize the app or can be used in other projects. Also, I think lots of developers even do not realize these things.

So I planned to share it with the community where I will be discussing them in a detail with solutions we used. So here are the things/mistakes that we found during our project development.

1. Adding all stylesheets and scripts in a layout file
2. Not separating out page level CSS or JS
3. Not using laravel-mix

1. Adding all stylesheets and scripts in layout

What I've seen is, when we want to add a new library/package to the project, people generally go to the layout file and just insert a style and script tag there.

For e.g., I want to use moment-js in the app, so what I do, I go to my layout file and include moment-js script tag there via CDN. Even if I only need moment-js in few of my pages. same can be there for other libraries like datatables, even if we only need datatables in a few pages of the app.

The problem it creates is, even if we don't need them in most of our pages, those files are still included in our page and of course, the page takes more time to load.

2. Not separating out page level CSS or JS

Generally, we use lots of JS in our code. And for all page level JS/CSS, most of the developers put it in a blade file of the page at the bottom with some section of JS/CSS.

For e.g, I have used a datatable in my page, so I need to initialize the datatable. so generally, I will have declared one section called scripts or bottom_js which will be yielded in my layout file. That's what I have seen in lots of code.

But, there are two problems with that,

1. When that page is loaded, your JS code is completely visible to the world and sometimes that's not good and secure
2. It's not minified (and since it's sitting into your blade files, there is no way to minify it either)

3. Not using laravel-mix

In really few projects or very few expert developers use laravel-mix or use laravel-mix in the right way. When you do not use laravel-mix in your site, your JS/CSS files are not minified. It's completely visible to the world which can be sometimes dangerous and file sizes are big as well in large projects.

That's the three major things that we found while developing this project.

Here is the solution that we used to overcome these problems.

Solution 1. Adding all stylesheets and scripts in specific pages

To resolve this problem, we declared two sections in our layout file.

1. stylesheets
2. scripts

so all of our web pages which has a dependency for the third-party CSS/JS libraries will look like following,

@extends('layouts.app') 
@section('stylesheets')     
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://rawgit.com/fronteed/iCheck/1.x/skins/all.css">
@endsection 

@section('content')     
....content here.... 
@endsection 

@section('scripts')     
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/iCheck/1.0.2/icheck.min.js"></script>
@endsection

As per the above example, the iCheck library will be only added on pages where we are actually using iCheck instead of all of my web pages.

Solution 2. Separating out page level CSS or JS

To resolve this problem, we also declared two new sections in the layout file.

1. page_css
2. page_js

page_css section will contain page level CSS and page_js section will contain page level javascript like initializing datatable or checkboxes etc. Also, all page level CSS and JS are not placed directly inside the blade file. But we go one step further.

Under the resources/assets folder, we have two folders,

1. js - contains all page level JS for different blade files
2. styles - contains all page level CSS for different blade files

We tried to follow the same folder structure for this that we used for our blade views.

If you have multiple files then you can try to use names like index.js, edit.js, etc, just the same as your blade view names.

And in your blade view files, you can include them as a script or stylesheet. For e.g.

@section('page_js')     
<script src="{{ mix('assets/js/task/task.js') }}"></script>
@endsection

Note: Use of mix is explained in the next section. so you can just ignore that as of now. But the basic idea is, include them as a script or stylesheet with sections, instead of directly putting them in blade files.

Solution 3. Using laravel-mix

Laravel mix is a great tool for asset compilation. All of the page level JS/CSS files and other common JS/CSS should be compiled by laravel mix and should be copied to the public folder with versioning for cache busting. And then it will be included via mix helper in our blade views. (As explained in the above solution at the bottom of the section).

For e.g. our webpack.mix.js looks like the following,

/* CSS */ 
mix.sass('resources/assets/style/sass/laravel/app.scss', 'public/assets/style/css/app.css') 
.sass('resources/assets/style/sass/style.scss','public/assets/style/css/style.css') 
.sass('resources/assets/style/sass/dashboard.scss','public/assets/style/css/dashboard.css')
.version(); 

/* JS */ 
mix.js('resources/assets/js/custom.js','public/assets/js/custom.js') 
.js('resources/assets/js/users/user.js','public/assets/js/users/user.js') 
.js('resources/assets/js/task/task.js','public/assets/js/task/task.js')    
.version();

This will minify our code and make it secure in the production environment.

Hope this helps.

Lots of people asked a question on our Github Repo about how they can display relationship data into index while using Datatables. so I decided to write a post with a detailed tutorial on that. Let's see how it's possible.

Problem:

Let's imagine the following simple scenario. We have a users table and we have a posts table. Post table is pretty simple with the following fields:

• id
• author_id
• title
• body
• created_at
• updated_at

Where author_id is a foreign key to the users table. We want to display the author name into the index table.

But since we need that data from the relationship, there is no direct way to display that into Datatable.

Solution:

Let's perform the following steps (before performing these steps, generate your CRUD with datatables for Post model):

Step 1: Add author relationship into Post model

Since we want to display the author name of the post, let's add author relationship into Post.php

public function author() {     
return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'author_id'); 
}

Step 2: Modify PostDataTable

Since we have to display relationship data we need to load it using eager loading of laravel. Modify the query method of PostDataTable.php. something like,

public function query(Post $model) {     
return $model->newQuery()->with(['author']); 
}

Also, we need to add one more column author name into the datatable. so modify getColumns method and add that to the array. something like,

protected function getColumns() {     
return [        
       'title',         
       'author_name' => new \Yajra\DataTables\Html\Column([
       'title' => 'Author Name', 
       'data' => 'author.name',
       'name' => 'author.name'
      ])     
  ]; 
}

This will add one more column with header "Author Name" in the datatable before "Action" column. Here, we are adding custom datatable column where key will the name of column which datatable use internally, title will be used for Datatable Column header title and data will be used for retrieving data.

And that's it. Run your code and you should be able to see Author name of the post into your datatable.

InfyOm Laravel Generator comes with two possible choices for a table in the index view.

1. Native table with blade
2. Datatables

Datatables comes with a huge set of features if you really need it and InfyOm Generator is capable of generating your CRUD table with Datatables. It uses yajra/laravel-datatables-oracle for that. But I heard from lots of people that they got confused about the installation of that package and how to use it with Generator. so I decided to write a post on that.

Yajra datatables come with a few different packages, one for core datatables and other plugins like buttons, HTML, export CSV etc. When you are using it with InfyOm Generator, you will need all of them since we generate a table with a full set of features.

Perform the following steps.

Step 1: Add Packages

In the first step, we need to add these packages into our project based on the laravel version we are using. Check the following table:

Laravel Version	yajra/laravel-datatables-oracle	yajra/laravel-datatables-buttons	yajra/laravel-datatables-html
5.5	8.x	4.x	4.x
5.6	8.x	4.x	4.x
5.7	8.x	4.x	4.x
5.8	9.x	4.x	4.x

Based on your laravel version, install these packages and add the following service providers and facade in config/app.php.

/** Service Providers **/  Yajra\Datatables\DatatablesServiceProvider::class, 
Yajra\Datatables\ButtonsServiceProvider::class, 
Yajra\Datatables\HtmlServiceProvider::class, 
/** Facade **/ 
'Datatables' => Yajra\Datatables\Facades\Datatables::class,  

Step 2: Run Vendor Publish

Once you add this, publish the assets for all these service providers. This is also one critical step. Make sure you run a vendor:publish for all these service providers. Or you can just run php artisan vendor:publish and select the service provider from the list and do this for all of these three service providers. It will publish some assets into your public directory.

Step 3: Enable Datatable option for Generator

After publishing assets, go to config/infyom/laravel_generator.php and make add_on => datatables => true.

Step 4: Scripts and CSS section into blade layout (Optional)

If you have used publish layout option then you can skip this step. Otherwise, make sure you have scripts and CSS sections into your main blade layout file. Since that's where all scripts and CSS will be added for datatables.

And that's it. Try to generate CRUD for some model and it should generate your crud with Datatables.

Introducing Laravel 5.8 support to InfyOm Laravel Generator with more cleaner Repository Pattern

Laravel 5.8 just released this week with a bunch of new improvements. You can read the full post here about new updates. so in a very small fraction of time, we also worked on adding support for Laravel 5.8 into our generator. You can read the installation steps here.

Also, one another feature or improvement we have done is, we tried to create a cleaner and extendable repository pattern while generating CRUD. so far we were using prettus/l5-repository package, which is really awesome if you do not want to write your general functions of create/all/update/delete/find in all of your repositories. I really loved that package and that's the reason we extended that package when we created our repository.

This is all great when you are talking about simple CRUD functions. But things get confusing when people want to customize their code. I got a lot of emails and also lots of people created issues on Github regarding how to customize that function based on their certain needs.

So with this version, I decided to write our own simple BaseRepository which will be published into app/Repositories/BaseRepository.php. so developers are free to customize all the basic functions.

Actually, this is also possible with prettus/l5-repository as well and with our generator as well by publishing templates. But that needs some more work and some deep knowledge of customizing templates. But with this update, it will be easier.

Right now, I do not expect any breaking changes who are migrating their code from 5.7 to 5.8 which is using a generator. I tried to keep all old BaseRepository classes and repository packages into dependencies. All their existing generated repositories should work fine.

Still, if someone is getting any errors then they can contact me by creating issues on Github. I will try to respond there.

Hope this release will help and people can start to get started to upgrade their code to Laravel 5.8.

We used Amazon SNS into one of our project where we need to receive instant updates to the various different microservices from other microservices. I was not able to find any good article which highlights everything about SNS integration into PHP or Laravel. This can be most confusing who is working with SNS for the first time. so I decided to write one which can help others. Following things are really important before we get started.

• What exactly SNS is?
• Where/When you can use it?
• How does it work?
• How to integrate it with PHP?

I will try to explain in a little bit brief here about SNS and will focus more on integration and problem that we tried to solve.

1. What exactly AWS SNS is?

AWS SNS stands for Amazon Simple Notification Service. It's a distributed pub/sub messaging system for microservices. Where publishers can publish a message to different subscribers with various kinds of subscribers including SMS, HTTP Endpoints or Webhooks, Amazon SQS, Lambda, Mobile Push etc. We will cover HTTP only subscribers in this post.

Kind of pub/sub where the publisher can publish a message and multiple interested subscribers can subscribe to that. You can read more on the AWS Website Here.

2. When you need AWS SNS?

When your project is distributed into various microservices and if you need to communicate from one or multiple microservices to other microservices then SNS comes to play a really good role.

Our Problem:

In our case, our project contains 3 different systems, where authentication + user management is handled by one central system. But each system has its local users table, where minimal users data is cached for fast data retrieval and table joins. so it doesn't need to query the central user system for each and every query.

If any new user is created by Admin on a central user management system, we need to notify other systems that a new user is created and they update their local users table.

3. How does it work?

Amazon SNS provides topics. You need to create a Topic and then define subscribers either programmatically or manually from Amazon Console. It depends on your use case. If you want to dynamically add subscribers then go that way or if you have some fixed microservices then you can define it from the console directly. This process works as follows:

1. Create a Topic in AWS Console
2. Create an HTTP subscriber
3. SNS will send a SubscriptionConfirmation message to your HTTP Webhook
4. Your microservice needs to call SubscribeURL
5. Your subscription will be confirmed

This is the initial setup process. Once this is done. Everytime when any new message is published to Topic, it will call your webhook with that Message.

4. How to integrate it with PHP (Or any other PHP Frameworks like Laravel)?

Amazon has a very good PHP Library for their AWS products. Recently for SNS they have created another light-weight library to handle SNS Messages.

So we will use the following libraries in our integration.

• aws/aws-sdk-php - We will use this to publish a message

• aws/aws-php-sns-message-validator - To Recieve/Handle incoming message

Solution:

I will try to highlight the solution that we used to fix the above-mentioned problem. Check the following diagram:

As you can see, we set up an SNS Topic and created two HTTP/HTTPS subscribers for two different microservices. When an admin user creates a new user into the system, we publish a message to SNS Topic which sends an update to both different microservices.

Now, let's jump into the code.

Publishing a message:

You need to add aws/aws-sdk-php into your project. You can find installation steps on Github Repo. Also, you need to be familiar with AWS authentication process. These things are explained pretty well here. Collect all the things you need in terms of credentials.

• Key
• Secret
• Region
• Topic ARN

Following code hooked up into our central auth system. You can do this from wherever you want to publish your message. Create a client and then publish a message. You can pass two things into the SNS Message. Subject & Message body. Message body has several options. We will use a pure JSON string way for simplification.

use Aws\Credentials\Credentials; 
use Aws\Sns\SnsClient; 
$client = new SnsClient([     
      'version' => '2010-03-31',     
      'region' => $amazonRegion,    
      'credentials' => new Credentials(         
            $awsKey,         
            $awsSecret     
          ) 
      ]); 
      $subject = 'You got a new SNS Message'; 
      $message = json_encode([
      'message' => 'this is my first message via SNS Topic'
]); 
      $client->publish([    
      'TopicArn' => 'your-sns-topic-arn-here',     
      'Message' => $message,    
      'Subject' => $subject 
]); 

Generally, in our integration, what we did was, we used Subject to specify the type of event. Like Users.create, Users.update, Users.delete and Message used to contain user information. You can customize it based on your use-case.

That's it. Your message is published to a topic.

Handle Incoming SNS Message:

To handle SNS messages we need to integrate aws/aws-php-sns-message-validator into our project.

SNS will call our webhook for multiple kinds of events. It comes with Type param into the message body.

• SubscriptionConfirmation
• Message
• UnsubscriptionConfirmation

Based on the Type parameter, we need to take relevant action. We have used the following code into our microservice webhook handlers.

use Aws\Sns\Message; 
use Aws\Sns\MessageValidator; 

try {     
// Retrieve the message     
$message = Message::fromRawPostData();   

// make validator instance     
$validator = new MessageValidator();   

// Validate the message     
if ($validator->isValid($message)) {         
      if ($message['Type'] == 'SubscriptionConfirmation') {  

// if it's subscription or unsubscribe event then call SubscribeURL             
      file_get_contents($message['SubscribeURL']);         
} elseif ($message['Type'] === 'Notification') {             
      $subject = $message['Subject'];             
      $messageData = json_decode($message['Message']);   

// use $subject and $messageData and take relevant action         
         }
     }
 } catch (Exception $e) {     // Handle exception .
} 

As you can see, based on Type, we are performing different operations.

This way, all our microservice can communicate in a very effective and highly available way to each other. Hope this helps :).

UX and UI designs are similar and are often used interchangeably. In fact, these two words have completely different meanings and relay different activities. These two businesses have essentially been around for years, but only recently have been involved in the technology industry, which has been renamed to encourage UI and UX designers.

These two components are essential when it comes to digital products, but the roles are very different. They refer to various aspects of both product development as well as the actual design process. Although UX means "user experience" and UI means "user interface", both jobs cover much more than they seem, which makes learning UX and UI more important at the same time.

User Experience Design (UX)

Originally defined by a cognitive scientist named Don Norman, the term "user experience" was defined before the 21st century. He described UX as "all aspects of the end-user interaction with the company, its services, and its products".

UX can be applied to anything in life that creates an experience. Whether it's a website, a mobile app, a theme park, or a tea party. UX doesn't have to be related to anything in the world of graphic design. User experience is the user's interactions and user "experience" with a product or service.

When it comes to digital products or services, UX is concerned with how a web page, mobile application, or software perceives the user. This may include simplifying the website checkout process or simplifying the application for general use.

You could say that a UX design job requires marketing, design, and project management skills. It is a complex role. Regardless of whether it is being applied to a car, shoe, or website, UX Designer's main goal is to create a simple and pleasant user experience. The product needs to communicate the owner’s goals, while also meeting the needs of the user.

User Interface Design (UI)

UX and user interface (UI) are often compared or grouped in the same job description. These two modes are very different, leaving the UI to be misinterpreted.

Often when looking at job descriptions for UI offerings, you will see a closer description of graphic design. Although UI positions sometimes deal with parts of branding or even frontend development, they do not indicate the original position.

User interface design is a digital term. This is mainly where it differs from UX. A UI is simply an interaction between a user and a digital product or service. This may include a touchpad that allows you to select your coffee from an automatic coffee machine or from your computer screen. It also deals with applications and websites that look and feel how the user interacts with the product.

The main purpose of the UI is that the designer will use design tools that enable better communication between the designer and the developer. This in turn will facilitate implementation with developers.

The user interface is an incredibly important element that allows the user to trust the brand. The UI designer is also responsible for relaying the message of the product as well as its research and content into a compelling display or experience.

UX vs. UI

The comparison of UX and UI is almost like apple and orange. If you take the human brain with the right hand representing creativity (usually left-handed individuals), this would be the UI design. If the left side of the brain represents the analysis (usually right-handed individuals), then the left side UX.

UI design is creative, fuzzy, beautiful, and presentable. UX design is, alternatively, the optimization, organization, and structure of the data to be implemented. Without one or the other, the project cannot be completed. To complete the product, you may not lack UX or UI. Despite this, they have completely different roles with different functions.

In general, a UX designer will need to fully map the entire user's journey to solve a specific problem in a product. Much of the UX Designer's job is to understand the user's problems and how to solve them. UX designers work by researching to understand the users they are targeting and what their needs will be.

Alternatively, UI designers consider all aspects of the visual elements. Everything from the first screen to the last screen. The UI designer will make sure the colors are readable. This may include ensuring that a partially blind 65-year-old feels comfortable using the same screen as a normal 13-year-old.